The International Journal of Animal and Wildlife Research (IJAWR) accepts several types of scholarly manuscripts related to animal biology, zoology, wildlife ecology, biodiversity, animal behaviour, veterinary science, animal welfare, and wildlife conservation. Authors should select the appropriate article type and follow the manuscript preparation, formatting, referencing, and ethical requirements described below.

1. Article Types

The recommended word counts are flexible guidelines and may vary according to the nature, methodology, research area, and requirements of the manuscript.

2. Manuscript Formatting

Manuscripts should normally be submitted as Microsoft Word (.docx) files, unless an alternative format or template is specified by IJAWR.

Authors should use the official IJAWR manuscript template where provided.

For research involving animals or wildlife, the manuscript should provide sufficient methodological detail about the study species, study location, sampling procedures, animal handling, experimental conditions, and relevant ethical safeguards, where applicable.

3. Author Information

Each manuscript should include the full article title, names of all authors, institutional affiliations and country, ORCID iDs where available, and the corresponding author's email address.

All authors must be entered accurately in the online submission system. The corresponding author is responsible for communication with the journal and should confirm that all authors have reviewed and approved the manuscript.

For animal and wildlife research, authors should ensure that species names, study locations, institutional affiliations, and other scientific details are accurately reported. Sensitive location information for endangered or protected species should be handled responsibly to avoid increasing risks of poaching, illegal collection, or habitat disturbance.

4. Abstract and Keywords

Most manuscripts should include an abstract of approximately 150–300 words, briefly presenting the research background or problem, objective, methodology, main findings, and conclusion or scientific or conservation significance.

Authors should provide 3–8 relevant keywords that accurately describe the subject of the manuscript and support academic search and discovery.

Keywords may include relevant species names, taxonomic groups, habitats, ecological processes, veterinary conditions, research methods, or conservation concepts, depending on the subject of the study.

5. Manuscript Structure

The structure should be appropriate to the article type and research discipline. A typical animal or wildlife research article may follow this sequence:

Depending on the research, the Methodology section may include study area, species description, sampling design, animal handling procedures, laboratory methods, veterinary examination, wildlife monitoring, statistical analysis, and ethical approval or permit information.

Research involving animals or wildlife should clearly identify applicable ethical approvals and field research permissions, where required. Authors should also describe measures taken to minimise animal suffering, stress, disturbance, and environmental impact.

Not every article requires all of these sections. Authors should use a clear and logical structure appropriate to their research.

6. References

IJAWR follows the Vancouver reference style, unless otherwise specified for a particular article.

Authors should ensure that:

Accurate references help ensure proper scholarly attribution, scientific verification, and reliable academic discoverability.

7. Figures, Tables, and Supplementary Materials

Figures and tables should be numbered consecutively and cited in the text, each with a clear and informative title or caption.

Photographs should generally be provided at 300 dpi or higher, and line drawings at 600 dpi or higher. Tables should remain editable where possible. Authors are responsible for obtaining permission and providing appropriate attribution for any copyrighted third-party material.

Wildlife photographs, camera-trap images, anatomical illustrations, microscopic images, distribution maps, habitat photographs, and other visual materials should accurately represent the research and must not be manipulated in ways that mislead readers about the findings.

Authors should provide appropriate species identification and relevant image or sampling information where necessary. Photographs or data that reveal sensitive locations of endangered species should be reviewed carefully before submission.

Supplementary materials—such as wildlife survey datasets, species inventories, additional tables or figures, identification guides, questionnaires, code, audio recordings, camera-trap footage, or video—may be submitted where relevant and should be clearly identified and cited.

Authors must ensure that the collection, use, and sharing of supplementary materials comply with applicable animal welfare requirements, wildlife research permits, privacy obligations, and conservation safeguards.

8. Declarations

Where applicable, manuscripts should include the following statements:

For example:

Statements should be included only when they accurately reflect the circumstances of the research. Authors must not claim that ethical approval or permits were obtained unless this is true.

Research involving animals, wildlife capture or handling, protected species, veterinary procedures, human participants, personal data, or other sensitive information must comply with applicable ethical and legal requirements. Relevant approval numbers, approving committees, permit details, and consent information should be provided where required.

Where formal ethical approval is not applicable or was not required, authors should provide an accurate explanation when appropriate. Exemptions must not be assumed without considering the relevant institutional and legal requirements.

9. Authorship and ORCID

Authorship should reflect a substantial scholarly contribution to the research and manuscript. All listed authors should approve the submitted manuscript and its final version.

Contributors who do not meet the applicable authorship criteria may be acknowledged separately.

Any change to the author list after submission should be supported by a written explanation and confirmation from all affected authors, in accordance with the journal's authorship policy.

Authors are strongly encouraged to provide ORCID iDs to support accurate author identification and scholarly attribution.

For collaborative animal and wildlife studies, contributions from field researchers, wildlife survey teams, veterinary professionals, laboratory personnel, animal care staff, and other collaborators should be recognised appropriately in accordance with the journal's authorship and contributorship requirements.